Old Icelandic · AI translation
Ór lǽknisbók (AM 655 XXX 4to)
English for the 5 passages of this work that the Atlas of Ancient Myth, Magic in the Ancient Texts and a study of demons and angels quote or cite, and which the library holds in no published English. The numbers are the edition's own references.
1v.6–1v.12
ok tak ór honum bǽði blóð ok gall ok blanda bǽði
and take from it both the blood and the gall, and mix both
saman ok berr í augun. Þat birtir sýn manns.
together and put [it] in the eyes. That brightens a person's sight.
Við blóðrás― Tak gras þat er vex í hveitiakri með sínum
For bleeding: take the herb that grows in a wheat field, with its
blǫðum ok rauðu frǽ. ok stappa í víni eða ǫlðri
leaves and red seed, and pound [it] in wine or ale,
ok syng meðan pater noster. ok gef honum drekka.
and sing a Paternoster meanwhile, and give it him to drink.
Við þá blóðrás, ef sár blǿðir― Tak náttlauk ok stappa
For bleeding, if a wound bleeds: take náttlaukr [night-leek] and pound [it]
vel ok legg þar í sárit sem blǿðir. ok bitt við.
well, and lay it in the wound where it bleeds, and bind it on.
Translator's note. náttlaukr, 'night-leek', is a plant I cannot identify.
2v.11–3r.1
Gras þat er rubea heitir, þat er roðagras―
The herb called rubea, that is red-herb:
Þat hrindr út ór óléttri konu, þó at barn sé dautt.
it drives [the child] out of a pregnant woman, even if the child is dead.
Jǫrð sú er á innsigli er lǫgð ok manns líkneski er á―
The earth on which a seal is set with a man's likeness on it:
Hon er góð við ormsbit. ok annarra flugorma. Ok ef
it is good against snakebite and [the bites] of other flying serpents. And if
manni er gefinn ólyfjansdrykkr, þá drekki hann af þessi jǫrðunni
a man is given a poisoned drink, let him drink some of this earth;
. Þat hrindr eitri út, en maɴ sakar ekki.
it drives the poison out, and the man comes to no harm.
Muskus heitir forað. Þat elsk í kviði eins dýrs. Þat er kiðlingi
Musk is the name of a substance. It forms in the belly of an animal. It is like a kid,
glíkt þeim er elsk á Indíaland. Þat renn saman af
[the one] that is bred in India. It runs together from
Translator's note. rubea (rubia) is madder; 'red-herb' renders roðagras. The earth stamped with a seal is sealed medicinal earth (terra sigillata). 'Flying serpents' (flugormar) may mean venomous creatures generally. forað, here 'substance', usually means a perilous thing or a monster; its sense here is uncertain.
3r.10–3v.8
saur í endaþarmi eða í ǫðrum stað lǽtr eigi vaxa.
the stool in the rectum, or in another place does not let [it] grow.
Ef þat er temprat við mjólk. ok við lagt, þá er þat lǽkning.
If it is mixed with milk and laid on, then it is a cure.
Dioskurides segir af grasi því er peonia heitir:
Dioscorides says of the herb called peony:
Ek sá svein einn átta vetra gamlan, er hafði þat gras
I saw a boy eight years old who had that herb
hengt á hals sér. En þá barsk svá at of daginn,
hung around his neck. And then it happened during the day
at þat gras féll af honum. En þegar jafnskjótt féll sveinninn
that the herb fell off him. And at once the boy fell
niðr ok hafði brotfall. En þá var þat aftr
down and had the falling sickness. And then it was
horfit í annat sinn á hann. ok þá sakaði sveinninn ekki
put back on him a second time, and then the boy came to no harm
meðan hann hafði þat á sér. En þá féll af honum í annat
while he had it on him. But then it fell off him a second
sinn, en jafnskjótt féll hann í ina sǫmu sótt sem hann hafði
time, and at once he fell into the same sickness he had had
fyrr. En þá var grasit bundit á hann enn. ok bǽttisk
before. Then the herb was tied on him again, and he recovered
jafnskjótt. Ok sǫmu lund fór sinn it þriðja: Spiltisk
at once. And it went the same way the third time: he grew worse
er af var, en batnaði er á var bundit. Sama vitni
when it was off, and got better when it was tied on. The same witness
berr Galienus, inn spakasti maðr, of þat sama gras.
Galen, the wisest of men, bears about that same herb.
Bǫrkr af selju við súrt vín stappaðr― Þat tekr af. vǫrtur.
Willow bark pounded with sour wine: it removes warts.
Svá mǽlti Galienus: Mjolk sú er riðin er ór
Thus said Galen: The milk that is wrung from
Translator's note. 3r.10: the sentence begins in the line before ('and it softens'); what it does not let grow is not stated. 3v.8: the 'milk' is the sap of willow bark, as the next line shows.
3v.12–3v.2a
Minta styrkir kvið ok gerir munn vel þefaðan.
Mint strengthens the belly and makes the mouth sweet-smelling.
En plástr gǫrt af mintu ok salti― Þat er gott við óðs hunds bit.
And a plaster made of mint and salt: it is good for the bite of a mad dog.
Gras þat er heitir elleborum hvítt
The herb called white hellebore,
blandat við mjolk ok temprat við hunang― Þat drepr mýs,
mixed with milk and tempered with honey: it kills mice
ef eta af því. En af því blandat dust við vatn ok
if they eat of it. And its powder mixed with water and
stǫkt of hús― Þat drepr flugur.
sprinkled about the house: it kills flies.
Gras þat er ciminum heitir drukkit með víni― Þat hreinsar
The herb called cumin, drunk with wine: it cleanses
bit flugdýra. En ef þat er blásit í nasraufar manns― Þat heftir nefdreyra.
the bites of flying creatures. And if it is blown into a person's nostrils: it stops nosebleed.
3v.6a–3v.13a
ok hreinsar bit flugdýra. Salt ok línfrǽ gǫrt
and cleanses the bites of flying creatures. Salt and linseed, made
af því plástr― Þat hreinsar in flugdýrabit.
into a plaster: it cleanses the bites of flying creatures.
Eyrsilfr drukkit― Þat gerir bana. Því at í hvern
Eyrsilfr [quicksilver] drunk: it causes death. For into whatever
lim er þat renn, þá skefr þat innan. En ef þat verðr í eld
limb it runs, it scrapes [it] from inside. And if into the fire
lagt, þá gerir þat meinsaman reyk. Þann flýja ormar
it is put, it makes a harmful smoke. Snakes flee it,
. ok af þeim reyk deyja flugdýr.
and flying creatures die from that smoke.
Malurt blandin við ufsagall ok smurt of eyru manns―
Wormwood mixed with coalfish gall and smeared about a person's ears:
Þat styrkir þau. ok hrindr frá óhljóð. En ef þat er lagt í
it strengthens them and drives away bad noises. And if it is laid in
Translator's note. eyrsilfr is taken as quicksilver (mercury) from what is said of it; the word itself is uncertain. 'Bad noises' (óhljóð) are presumably noises in the ears.
The whole original: Menota's corpus at Clarino (open AM 655 XXX 4to).